op dayton



-I 1,566,486 R; K. LEE

INTERNAL coMBUsTl-ONENGINE Dec. 22 1925' Filed March i4, 1925 4 :tionengines 'having cranks arranged' at 180v Patented Dec. 22,- 1925.

ROGER KENNETH LEE, or DAYTON, omo, Ass'IoNoR To GENERAL moronsnnsnaiacn.

CORPORATION, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A'VCORPORATION OF DELAWZBBIZ...I4 j'-INTENJNA'I.-ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE,

Appnca'tign ala mantienes. semi No. 1 5 ,64s'.

To all whom it may'cmwem:

Be it -known that I, ROGER' KENNETH LEE', a citizen of the United Statesof Amer# ica, residing at Dayton, county- `of Montgomery, and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and-useful Improvements '1n InternalfCombnstion EI1 f fines ,v of which the following isafull, clear,and exact descrip-- tion.4

VThis invention ticularly to multi-cylinder internal combust is` wellknown that inthe conventional type of -engine, comprising 'a.crankshaft, `a piston and a connecting rod,

f that the movement of Vthe piston and rod toward the crank is greaterduring the first,v

quarterrevolution of the crank from head 'inder internal com ustionengine with cyl-.f'

` downwardly moving masses will be the resultant of all the inertiaforces cran end deadcenter than during the last quarterrevolution.- Inan engine havin cranks arranged at 180 de ees,"lsuch as a our cyl indersarranged vertically, during the rst quarter revolution of the cranksfrom dead center, the inertia forces produced by the than the inertiaforces produced y the vmasses moving upwardly; and, durmg the nextquarter revolution of they cranks the inertia forces produced by` theulgward'lyV `moving masses will be the greater. 'This canses anobjectionable vibration of the en- Y hollow and is provided withannnlargrooves gine.y

; The chie-f object o'f-this invention 'is'to remove the cause of thisvibration by making ro; ducedv by the reciprocating parts equa Vt0 zerofor each posit1on of the crank shaft.'

In-the present invention this Objectis accom lished by causing, 4at eachinstant of rotation, the difference in Itheinertia forces acting uponthe crank shaft due to the movement of the connecting rods inAoppositedirections to be offset by a difference in the opposite sense inthe. inertia forces due to the movement of the pistons i'n Oppositedirections. y'

Further objects and advantages of the present inventi'on'will beapparent from the following description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, wherein a pre- Figs.' 1, 2- andv- 3 are relatestoengines and par-.-

the' .,Fig. lafisa. sectionalview on the line eaterA invention isclearly shown. l

In the drawings.:

'ferred'form of embodiment of the present' partly in section ofamulti-cylinder internal combustion engine having cranks at 180 dta- Vgrecs and apparatus 'associated therewith embodying thepresentinvention. Figs. 1" and 3 show positions of'the apparatus at theends of the pistonstrokes and Fig. 2 ,shows the apparatus atintermediate .positions of piston and crank., l

4.--4 of Fi'. 1.

fragmentary views f In, the lVYIl'r'S, 20 designates nnen-f ginecylinder wit in which rciprocate's ,a

25 and 26 and diametrically bri ges the p1sported laterally by the skirt22 and endwise 26 to the skirt tion 2 7. l 'I'he strap 23 cooperateswith an eccentric 22 4by a screw thread connec- .disk 28 'having itscenter indicated at 28.'` Disk 2 8 is provided with anfeccentric open-1ing for.. receiving an eccentric or crank pin 29, the ends of which arereceived by bear-f' 'ings30 carried by the bifurcations 31 of aconnecting rod 32.' The eccentric pin 29 lis adjacentthe ends thereoffor receiving resilf -piston havingA a head 21 and a 'skirt 22.``Withinthe'skirt 22there is `located anecfl centric strap 23 providedwith va bearing 24. f

[The strap 23 is formed integrall .with rings ient wire split rings 33which .prevent end- Xwise movement. of the nin 29. The piston isprovided with a cylindricalvbearin-g 35 which receives a slidablereclprocating--memnected in the usual manner with a crank 38 lof theengine crankl Shaftnot shown. The.

-ber 36 carrying a pin 37 which passes throughopemngs in the ends ofbifurcations' v3110i? connecting rod 32. Rod v32 is. con'-'4 As thepiston moves from upper or'head` end dead center position shown'inFig.14 to lower or crank end dead center position shown in Fig.'3,' theeccentricis oscillated by the swinging'of the connecting rod away` fromand toward the center-.lineof thepiston` AAssuming the cylinder to-bein'afverf"u tical position, it willbe noted that,-when the perdeadcenter, the eccentricdisk hasbeen rotated' so 'as to bring thelhorizontalfplane f of the axis 28a of the diskl 28 close'rto thehorizontalplane--of the 'axisof the pin '29.

In other words the piston has been lifted with. respect to theconnecting rod, or-'movedrelative to the-rod in such direction as tocausethe vpiston to move inoreslowly toward the.

crank shaft than it wouldgif ,connected in the usual manner with theafcra1'1k.`

During the movement ofthe-v crank 3,8` `toward .lower dead center theeccentric 'disk' 28 is oscillated back again so asI to bring..

the axis of pin 29 vertically above 4the'axis 28a of eccentric-28.Relative .movement 'of the piston and rod inthe direction of the pistonlstrokes occursl again inthe second quadrant of crankjtravel, the pistonlbeing lowered relatively tothe rod 4instead of being' lifted asd'uring'the first quadrant.

Therefore .the piston'ftends to move .faster numerals correspondin-tothose indicating stant of crank rotation, Athe parts alreadportioning t e eccentricity'of the pin 29 and \the distances between theaxes of crank 38, `pin29 and pin 37, the pistons can be made 4at eachinifference in inertia' forces acting upon the crankshaft due lto.movement of rods 32 and 32a`will be to travel in such a manner that;i

v offset by a diferencein the opposite sense in the inertia forces dueto the movement of pistons A2l and.21.

In the drawings, the dimensions indicate approximately the movements ofthe pistons andV rods for each quarter revolution of the cranks fromdead'center for a piston stroke of 1.87 inches. During the first quai'-,

ter revolution, the piston.21 moves downwardly .90 inch while the piston21a moves upwardly .97 inch. The resultant of the inertia forces causedby movement of the piston is downward during the virst quarterrevolution. Rod 32, pin 37 'and sleeve 36 move 1.04 inch during thefirst quarter 'revolution .from theposition shown in Fig. l

` to that-shown in Fig.. 2, while rod 32a, pinl 37a4 and sleeve 36Elmove upwardly ..83 inch.

The resultant of the inertia forces of 'thesev 4parts is upward duringthe 'first quarter.

revolution. During this and the next quarter revolutionv the sum ofthese resultants will be substantially zero at each instant of crankshaft rotation. In this calculation the usual engineering practice isfollowed of describe vBy. properly pro-- considering a portion i of" the,connectingrod as a body havmgreciprocation"and vthe remainder as abodyrotating about' the. crank shaft.-`- It is apilwa'rentl that thepres'entinvention pair ,ofA parallel guides, members ,suchv7,9 .isnot limited initsapplication tothe hallv i i ancing fof l an internal .combustionengine -since fit is obviousthatgthe invention may be applied to anymachine which includesfa 'l5;

cross heads'slid'able within the guides :ini-a.

crank having crank pins arranged' atf180'3' andeach pin connected bya.rodi with'fo'ne oftheslidable membersf- While the' form vof all'.coming Within the scopeof the-c Which'follow. a.. y

What is claimed is asfollows.: 1. An engine comprising, .in combinatioena crankl shaft having crank pins -arrang at 180", a plurality ofcylindersand pistons,

a 'rod for .connecting each piston-.with a` bodilnent of' the; presentinvention as herein disclosed, con- 1 stitutes a preferred form, it is'to-bennderstood that 'other formsmight adolpted, Y

aims.-

crank pin, and means `associated with each a rod for causing, at eachinstant of crank rotation, the difference in`A the inertia 'forcee` 1.acting 'upon the crank shaft due tothe move-- ment' of the rods inopposite 'directions to be offset by al difference in the inertiaforces.

due to the movement of the pistons in opposite directions,v

2.',An enginev comprising, in combination, l -a crank shaft having crankpins arranged at 180, a plurality of cylinders and pistons, a rod forconnecting each piston vwith acrank .pin, and means for effecting, inresponse to the swingingv of `the rod, such` relative move- Vnientbetween'each piston and its rodas to cause, at each instant of crankrotation, the' difference in the inertia forces acting upon the 'crankshaft ldue to the movement of the rods in opposite directions'to beoffset by `a difference in the inertia forces due to the,

movement of the pistons in opposite directions.

3. An engine compnsing, 1n combination,

a crank shaft having crank pins arranged at 180, a pluralitybfcylindersand pistons, a'frod for connecting" .each piston with a crankpin, and means including an oscillatable device actuated by each rod.foreffecting. in response to the swinging of therod, such relative movementbetween each piston and its rod as to cause,.at each instant ofcrankrotation, the lilference in the inertia.

forces acting .upon he crank shaft due to' the movement of the rods in'opposite directions to be offset by Aa difference in -the inertiaforces due tothe'g movement of vthe' pistons in opposite directions.

4. Anengine comprising, in combination, a crank shaft having crankr`pins arranged at 180, a pluralitylof cylinders and pistons,.

af'rod for connecting each piston with a crank pin, and means .includinganA oscillatable device connecting each iston and rod for effecting, inresponse to t e swinging of l,the rod, such relative-movement between.eachpiston and its-.rod as to cause, at each instant of crank rotation,the difference in the inertia forces acting upon the crank shaft du'e tothe movement of the rods in op'- s is f due to the movement of the lsitedirections.

posite directions to be offset by a difference inthe inertia forces dueto the movement` of.

the :pistons in opposite directions.

5. 'An engine comprising, 'in combination,

a crank shaft having crank pins arrangedv at 180, a plurality ofcylinders and pistons,

`a rod for connecting each piston with av vcrank pin, and meansincluding a sin le cam device 'actuated by each rod for e ectin inresponse to the swinging of the rod, suc

relative movement between each piston and,-

its rod as to cause, at each instant of crank rotation, the differencein the inertia forces acting upon the crank shaft due to the move'- mentof the rods in opposite directions to be offset by a difference in theinertia forces pistonsA inA oppo- 46. An engine comprising, incombination,

Y a crank shaft having crank pins arranged at 180, aplurality ofcylinders and pistons,v

a rod for connecting each piston with a crank pin, and means includingan oscillat-i ing cam actuated by each rod for eiecting-l, in responseto the swinging of the rod, suc

relative movement between .each piston and its rod as to cause, at eachinstant-of crankrotation, the difference in the inertia forces actinguponthe crank vshaft due to the movement of the rods in oppositedirections to lbe offset by a difference in the inertia forces due tothe movement of the pistonsv in opposite directions.

7. An engine comprising, in'coinbination,

a crank shaft having crank pins arranged at 180, a plurality ofcylinders and pistons, a

rod for connecting each piston with'a crankV pin, and means including anoscillating eccentric actuated by each rod for effecting, inA vresponseto the swinging of the rod, such, relative movement between each.piston; and

a crank shaft having crank pins arranged" at 180, a pluralityof'cylinders and pistons,

a rod for connecting each piston with a crank pin, and means includingan oscillating eccentric connecting each. rod` and piston for effecting,in response to the swinging of the rod, such relative movement Abetweeneach piston and its rod as to cause, at each instant of crank rotation,the difference in .l

the inertia forces acting upon the crank shaft due to the movement ofthe rods opposite directions to be offset by a difference in the inertiaforces due to the movement of the pistons in opposite directions.

'9. An engine comprising, in combination,

a crank, a piston, a slidable member, a rod having its kends connectedrespectivelywith the crank and member, and means connecting anintermediate portion ofthe rod with Vthe piston for obtaining movementof the piston relative to the rod in response to the swinging of therod. l l v 10. Anengine comprising, in combination, a crank, a piston, aslidable member,"

a rod having its endsconnected respectivel with the crank and member,and a cran connecting the piston with an intermediate portion of the rodforl obtaining movement ',of the piston relative to the rod in responsetothe swingingof the rod. i

H 11. An engine comprising, incombinartion, a crank, a piston, a memberslidably supported by the piston, a rod having its ends connectedrespectively with the crank and member, and a crank connecting thepiston with an intermediate portion of the rod for obtaining niovementof the piston rela- .tivel to the vrod in response to the swinging 12.An engine comprising, in combina'- tion, a crank, a piston carrying aneccentric strap, a 'member slidably supported bythe piston, a rod'having its'ends connected respectively with the crank and slidable member, andan eccentric within said strapfand connected withthe rod for,obtaining moveresponse to the swinging of the rod.

. 13. An engine comprising, infcombinal tion, a' crank, a piston havinga head, a skirt,

an eccentric strap carried by the piston within the skirt and bridgingthe wall of the ment of the'. piston relative totherod inskirt'diametrically, a member slidably supported by the piston betweenthe head and strap, a connecting. rod connected with the crank andhaving a bifurcated portion c i'n-- bracing the leccentric strapandconnected.

with the slidable member, and' an eccentric within said strap andconnected 'with-.said

vbifu-rcated portion of theconnecting rod'.V

' 14. An engine comprising, in' combination, a. pair of cylinders,`pistons each slidable withina cylindentavcrank having pins arranged atarod connecting each piston and crank pim-and means for-producingdff-elenial'moveinent between each rod and piston connected therewith in-ordei' that, at each-instant of-crank rotation,- the difference in theinertia 'forces acting upon the lcrank "shaft due tothe movements `of ythe rods'l in lopposite directionsv will be o'set by a; di'erenceinthe'inertia forces due to the movements of the. pstonsin oppositedirections.

15. A machine comprising,- in combina` tion, a pair ofparallel guides,members each sl'idable Within a guide, a crank having pins instant ofcrank rotation, the diil'erence in ment of the slidable membersinopposite.` directions.

the inertia forces acting upon the crank .10 .shaft due to the movementof the rods in.

oppositefdirections to be offset by a difference -in the inertia forcesduefto the m'ove- In 'testimony "whereof I llerefoaixfmy' l signature.-w

' R. K.Y LEE.

